php
The site here is easy to understand.
http://www.phpbook.jp/install/phpini/index5.html
Perhaps just the first language=japanes, encoding=utf-8 would work.
mysql
Maybe this site.
http://ext.omo3.com/linux/mysql_character_set.html
The default-character-set to my.cnf in this seems to work
Finally, I could have gone with this site.
http://mikeneck.blogspot.jp/2013/01/mysqlutf-8.html